Journal of advances in information science and technology

Traditional representations of East Asian calligraphy reduce dynamic, performative writing into static images, obscuring temporal rhythm, gesture, and expressive nuance. The Calligraphy Writing Score Representation (CWSR) addresses this limitation by encoding strokes, character structure, and compositional layout as an executable, temporal score, capturing both structural and expressive aspects of calligraphy for analysis, visualization, and AI-driven generation.